Panoramic camera.



PATENTED JAN. 17, 1905.

D. A. REAVILL.

PANORAMIC CAMERA.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 12. 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

flnven for No. 780,382. PATENTED JAN. 17, 1905. D. A. RBAVILL.

PANORAMIG CAMERA.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 12, 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

5 FIELYJ No. 780,382. Patented January 17, 1905.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DAV ID ALLEN REAVILL, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSlCrNOR TO THE ROCHESTER PANORAMI'C CAMERA COMPANY, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF \VYOMING.

PANORAIVIIC CAMERA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 780,382, dated January 17', 1905.

Application filed September 12, 1904:. Serial No. 224,110.

To who/Tb 1175 y Conger! ing and associating the parts illustrated in the Belt known that 1, DAVID ALLEN REAVILL, accompanying drawings, of wh1ch a citizen of the United States, residing at Figure 1 represents a portion of the rear Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State end of a camerabox upon a tripodtable 5 of New York, have invented certain new and with my invention applied. This is a side useful Improvements in Panoramic Cameras, view partly in vertical section. In Fig. 1 the of which the following is a specification. multiple friction roller is illustrated? -Fig. My invention relates to panoramic cameras, 2 is a top plan view of acan'iera-box with its and is immediately concerned with the mechcover and internal parts removed to exhibit 5 IO anism through which the camera-box is rethe slotted bottom, whereby the box may be volved horizontally and by which the film is adjusted with reference to its support and difmoved within the box in the requisite direcferent diameters of the multiple pinion or tion and at proper speed, taking into considroller caused to meet its stationary companeration the focal length of thelens used during ion gear or disk. Fig. 3 is a similar view to 60 any particular operation. Fig. 1, with a weightanotor shown instead of To produce the best photographic reprca spring-motor; and Fig. 4. is alike section of sentation by means of revolving can1eras,it is the rear of a camera-box, illustrating the apfound desirable that a longitudinal extent of plication of my inventon to a camera wherein film exposed during a single revolution or the motor-spring is contained and carried by 5 any part thereof shall equal the circumferthe camera-box. A multiple spool and cord ence of a circle or traversed arc of it degear is shown in this view. Fig. 5 is a plan scribed with the radius having the length of viewof the brake mechanism.

the focal distance of the lens used. It is of- Likenumbers are used to designate the same ten expedient, owing to peculiar conditions of parts throughout the drawings. 7 hght, proximity, and arrangement of ObJGCtS Numeral 1 marks the camera-box, and 2 resought to be included in a picture, to employ fers to thevertical feed-roll or winding-on dilferent lenses each having its own focal roll within the box. The usual bellows is length, in correspondence with which the lilm designated by numeral 3. Numeral 4: refers must be moved. Heretofore this has been to the axis of the feed-roll, and the threaded 75 3o accomplished by changing the pinion on the head 5 of that axis receives the end of the feed-roll shaft that engages the fixed circular vertical extension-shaft 6, the lower extremgear upon the support or tripod, the pinion ity of which is suitably restrained in the bearand fixed gear being elements possessed in ing-bracket 7, secured to theunder surface of common by numerous forms of these instruthe revolublo plate 8, upon which the box 1 8O ments. Such practicenecessitatesseveralsepis removably held.

arate pinions and demands a certain amount Numeral 9 designates the multiple roller, a of time and care in removing and replacing conical arrangement of cylindrical surfaces, them, in addition to the liability of loss during of which the lowest and smallest is marked constant carrying of the camera about. 10. The multiple roller is secured by set- 5 4 The object of my invention is to produce a screws 11 upon an extension-shaft 6, and it is camera equipped with an adjustable multiple believed to be apparent that it may be adjustpinion or roller and auxiliary devices ened up or down thereon. As I customarily abling the photographer to substitute for anconstruct my invention, the multiple roller is other any lens called for by the circumstances located almost wholly within the box for sake 9 and to movehis film with appropriate velocity. of compactness and covered by the light-ex- I accomplish the objectstated by constructcluding inverted cup 12, the flange of which 55419 ane rits attachments, as shown.

is secured flush with the lower surface of the camera-box.

The tripod-top 13 has the form of a circular disk, against the periphery of which the lowest portion 10 of the multiple roller is shown to be bearing in Fig. 1. Through the tripodtop and plate 8 passes the arbor 14c, and its threaded end extends through adiagonal slot 15 in the bottom of box 1 and engages the thumb-nut 16, that holds the box in place upon the revoluble plate. The arbor turns the plate directly by means of a removable key 17. A motor-spring 18 rotates the arbor, and by way of ratchet-wheel 19, loose gear 20, and pawl 21, pivoted to the gear and engaging the ratchet-wheel, the train-gears 22 and pinions 23, in any desired number and upon suitable pivots 24E, actuate a fan-shaft 25 and fan 26, that operates as a speed-governor in the manner usual in panoramic cameras. Upon the fan-shalt is secured the brake-wheel 27. against which the spring-brake 28 presses unless such pressure is relieved and the brake withdrawn by the agency of the rocking cam I do not limit myself to the particular speed-controlling and brake contrivance shown, and I do not wish to be understood as meaning that the multiple roller must essentially be located within the camera-box, as those are structural features that may be readily altered and accomplish the purpose. The above statement should be applied also to the ball-bearings indicated in Fig. 1 as used between the revoluble plate 8 and the disk to reduce friction. The balls are not absolutely necessary, although desirable.

Considering now also Fig. 2, it will be noted that when it is required that one of the larger divisions of the multiple roll should be brought into operative contact with the disk 13 the camera-box must be moved slightly upon the plate 8 to increase the distance between the axis of the arbor and of the extension-shaft 6. It is advantageous, moreover, that when rollers and disk are used there should be some means for preserving constant and adequate frictional contact between them. ThisI effect by placing the coil-spring 30 in the diagonal slot 15 and attaching one end to the bottom of the camera-box and passing the other end through the threaded upper end of the arbor 1 1. It will now seem that when the box is moved upon the plate 8 in the direction of the arrow to admit the larger divisions of the multiple roller the spring is stretched and the roller and disk are drawn together with a certain tension, insuring superior operation.

In the modification illustrated by Fig. 3 the.

revoluble plate 8 is eliminated and for it is substituted a turn-table 31, having a grooved periphery, and a cord 32, with one end attached in the groove. The cord is passed over a pulley 33 and thence downwardly through the its lower extremity.

tripod-top, and a weight 3 1 is suspended from The operation of the weight-motor is in all respects the same as the spring-motor, the only structural change in addition to the substitution of the turn-table being that gear 20, formerly loose, is now lixed upon arbor 14:.

By Fig. 4 a modification is shown that is in some respects the equal of the preferred form in compactness, perfection of operation, and in the readiness with which it may be constructed by ordinary methods of manufacture now followed. 'lhemotorspring 18 lies within the feed-roll. Ratchet-wheel 1.9 and pawl 21 preserve their former operative positions and relations to the spring. The pawl, however, is now attached to the disk 35, which forms the base and is part of head 56. Axis &has a threaded connection with head 36, from which it may be separated when desired to re-- move the feedroll.

In Fig. 3 the cone-gear used is marked 37, and the circular gear lixed upon tripod-top 123 and meshing with the cone is referred to by number 38.

In Fig. 4 the multiple spool upon extensionshaft 6 is numbered 39. A cord 10 passes around the tripod-top 1b in groove 11. As the spring rotates the roll and spool, the cord is wound upon the spool and the camera-box revolved at a predetermined speed. I hen the camera is in operation, a film is taken upon winding-on roll 2 in encircling layers one out side another and its dian'ieter increases correspondingly. If the speed of rotation of the feed-roll remained constant with respect to the movement of the box, the lilm would be too rapidly taken up during the latter part of the operation. In practice I give the spool a slight taper, causing the iilm to be taken upon the roll more rapidly at the commencement with respect to the movement of box 1 than later when the diameter of the roll has been augmented by accumulated lilm. In other words, the smaller the diameter of the spool the greater the number of turns made by roll 52 during one revolution of box 1, and, corn versely, the greater the diameter of spool 39 the fewer turns it makes.

In Figs. 3 and 4: there is no change in the gearing and fan mechanism for regulating the speed.

I do not confine myself to either arrangement exactly as illustrated. For example, the weight-motor of Fig. 3 may obviously be employed with the cord and spool drive for the box and roll 2 by winding the cord upon the spool before starting instead of upon the tripod-top 13.

Having thus described my invention and the manner of its operation, what I claim is 1. In a panoramic camera, the combination with a support, of an adjustable and revoluble camera-box havinga film-feeding roll, rollrotating devices whereby said roll is rotated with respect to the said box, the said devices including a stationary element on the camerasupport and a rotating element adjustablysecured upon the axis of said roll, the said rotating element having portions of different diameters whereby difierent speeds of rotation may be given said roll, and a motor by which said box and rotating element are actuated.

2. In a panoramic camera, the combination with a support, of an adjustable and revoluble camera-box havingafilm-f'eeding roll, rollrotating devices whereby said roll is rotated withrespect to the said box, the said devices including a stationary element on the camerasupport and a rotating element upon the axis of said roll, one of said elements being adjustable with respect to the other, the said rotating element having portions of different diameters whereby different speeds of rotation may be given said roll, and a motor by which said box and rotating element are actuated.

3. In a panoramic camera, the combination with a support, of an adjustable and revoluble camera-box having a film-feeding roll, rollrotating devices whereby said roll is rotated with respect to the said box, the said devices including a stationary element on the camerasupport and a rotating element upon the axis of said roll, one of said elements being adjustable with respect to the other, the said rotating element having portions of different diameters whereby different speeds of' rotation may be given said roll, a speed-governor, and a motor by which said speed-governor, said box and rotating element are actuated.

- with respect to the said box, the said devices including a stationary element on the camerasupport and a rotating element upon the axis of said roll, one of said elements being adjustable with respect to the other, the axis of' said stationary element being the axis of revolution of' said box, the said rotating element having portions of difierent diameters whereby different speeds of rotation may be given said roll, and a motor having a spring acting directly upon the axis of one of said elements whereby said box and rotating element are actuated.

5. In a panoramic camera, the combination with a support, of an adjustable and revoluble camera-box having a film-feeding roll, rollrotating devices whereby said roll is rotated with respect to the said box during the revo lution of the box, the said devices including a stationary cylindrical tripod-top and a rotating spool having portions of' different diameters, said'spool being adjustable upon the axis of' said roll, a flexible connection joining said spool and tripod and adapted to be wound alternately upon them, the said connection being wound upon one of said parts before a picture is taken, and a motor whereby the said box and rotating elements are actuated.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

DAVID ALLEN REAVILL.

Witnesses:

WM. CANNON, Gno. OALLAGHAN. 

